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Khakasiya

  • Description
  • Parameters of the autonomy
  • Illustrations
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Autonomy’s map

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Khakasiya

Description of the autonomy

One of the 22 republics of the Russian Federation. It is located in South Siberia, within the left-bank part of the middle reaches of the Yenisei river, in the territories of the Sayano-Altai upland and the Khakass-Minusinsk Hollow. The basis of the region's economy is hydropower and aluminum production.

The Khakas Autonomous Oblast was established in 1930 on the basis of the Khakass National Okrug. It was a part of the West Siberian Territory, and after its enlargement in 1934 - of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. In July 1991 the Khakas Autonomous Oblast withdrew from the Krasnoyarsk Krai and was transformed into the Republic of Khakassia.

The titular ethnic group is Khakas people. The defining marker of their differences from the titular nation of the country is, first of all, language. The Khakass language is linked to the Yenisei Turkic group of the Common Turkic branch of the Turkic languages. Their traditional religion is Shamanism, but in the XIX century, most Khakas people adopted Orthodoxy. According to the All-Russian Population Census of 2010, Khakas people make up only 12.1% of the republic's population, while the majority of the population is Russian (81.7%).

Khakassia is traditionally one of the regions with a relatively stable situation in inter-ethnic relations.

Autonomy's characteristics

  • Year of the creation of the autonomy:
  • Geographic
  • Where is the autonomy situated:
  • Autonomy area: km²
  • Share of the autonomy in the area of the country: %
  • Autonomy population:the latest census thousands of people
  • Share of the autonomy in the population of the country: %
  • Country's characteristics
  • Level of economic development of the country:GDP per capita in 2015 in current price in $ in $
  • Political regime in the country:It is based on the Freedom House Index, 2015. All countries of the world are located on a scale from 1 (most free) to 7 (least free). Countries whose ratings fall between 1.0 and 2.5 are “Free”, between 3.0 and 5.0 are "Partly Free," and those between 5.5 and 7.0 are "Not Free."
  • Economic
  • Share of the autonomy in the economy of the country:GRP of the autonomy divided to GDP of the country (%) %
  • Level of economic development of the autonomy:relative to the country (%): GRP per capita of the autonomy divided to GDP per capita of the country %
  • Ethnic
  • Share of the dominant in the country ethnic group in the population of the autonomy:in %: population size of the dominant in the country ethnic group divided to overal population size of the autonomy (the latest census; expert estimations) %
  • Share of the titular ethnic group in the population of the autonomy:in %: population size of the titular ethnic group of the autonomy divided to overal population size of the autonomy (the latest census; expert estimations) %
  • Ethnic peculiarity:It indicates a key characteristic of autonomy's ethnic identity - language or religion or both
  • Diversity of ethnic composition:The presence of other (in addition to the titular group in the autonomy and the dominant group in the country) significant ethnic groups in the population of the autonomy
  • Political
  • Degree of self-rule of the autonomy:It is based on the Regional Authority Index project that aims at measuring the powers of all the regions in 81 countries. Here the index "tier_selfrule" (2010) is used. It summarizes five dimensions of self-rule: institutional depth; policy scope; fiscal autonomy; borrowing autonomy; and the extent to which a region has an independent legislature and executive. The index takes value from 0 to 18
  • Degree of shared-rule of the autonomy:It is based on the Regional Authority Index project that aims at measuring the powers of all the regions in 81 countries. Here the index "tier_sharedrule" (2010) is used. It summarizes five dimensions of shared-rule: participation of a region in national law-making; intergovernmental meetings; the distribution of national tax revenues; borrowing; and constitutional change. The index takes value from 0 to 12
  • The presence of the "kin-state":"Kin-state" is a state whose main population shares the ethnic characteristics of the titular ethnic group of the autonomy
  • Linguistic preferences:It indicates how the language of the titular ethnic group of the autonomy is learned in secondary schools in the autonomy
  • Ethnic conflicts:It indicates whether the serious conflicts between the autonomy and the central government as well as between ethnic groups within the authority take place in 2001-2015. The level of conflict is determined on the basis of the annual reports of Conflict Barometer

Illustration

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Added by: LDMitay, 16.11.2017

 
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