One of the 22 republics of the Russian Federation. It is located in the eastern part of the North Caucasus. In the north, east and southeast borders with the Republic of Dagestan, in the north - with the Stavropol Krai, in the northwest - with North Ossetia-Alania and in the west - with Ingushetia.
The Chechen Autonomous Oblast was established in 1922. In 1934 it was merged with Ingushetia into the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Okrug (since 1936 - the Chechen-Ingush ASSR). In 1944 the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was liquidated, and some of the Chechen and Ingush peoples were forcibly deported to the regions of Kazakhstan and Central Asia. After rehabilitation in 1957, the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was restored.
In 1990, the session of the Supreme Council of the Chechen-Ingush Republic adopted the Declaration on Sovereignty. A year later it was divided into the Chechen Republic and the Republic of Ingushetia. Ingushetia became a part of the Russian Federation. In the Chechen Republic the administration that came to power, headed by D. Dudayev, refused to sign the Federal Treaty and declared the sovereignty of the region. The Chechen Republic - Ichkeria was not recognized by any state, but the armed conflict lasted for several years. In 2000, the federal government established control over the territory of Chechnya. In 2003, a referendum was held, in which the majority of the population voted for the preservation of the Chechen Republic as part of Russia.
The titular ethnic group is the Chechens. The defining markers of their differences from the titular nation of the country are language and religion. The Chechen language belongs to the Nakh branch of the Northeast Caucasian language family. The dominant religion in the region is Sunni Islam.
Chechnya is a mono-ethnic republic. According to the results of the All-Russian Population Census of 2010, the absolute majority of the population of the republic are Chechens (95.3%).
